Dairy Equipment for Fluid Milk Processing

We have learnt the types and characteristics of materials used in the construction of dairy plant and equipment. It has given us idea of the type, shape and look of machineries used in the dairy plant. We have also learnt the importance of the material of construction of equipment in relation to the milk and milk products.We also made an attempt to plan for a dairy and sizing of equipment.

In this unit, we shall learn about the hygienic and sanitary features of a dairy plant and its operation. We will study different types of milk processing plants and factors affecting location of plant. Dairy plants are well supported by a network of milk collection and chilling centres to ensure un-interrupted milk supply. We will learn the requirements in a collection centre through a layout diagram.

We can then work out the area and the equipment needed for a collection centre.As soon as the milk reaches a milk processing plant, the manner it should be received at the reception dock will be discussed. This will enable us to learn the types of equipment required and the need for large open space. The type of flooring and other civil construction will also be discussed briefly.Milk thus received needs further processing. Pasteurization process is the first treatment given to save milk from spoilage. We will learn as to how milk is pasteurized. Some time long shelf-life milk may be in demand. A brief description of milk sterilization will be made to explain the plant and machinery needed to produce such milk.

During pasteurization of milk, the fat content is adjusted as per consumer’s need.To standardize the fat content, cream is partially separated by a centrifuge called cream separator. Also some plants may need to remove dust and other undesirable particles from milk. A clarifier is employed for the purpose. How these centrifuges operate will be discussed in this unit. Similarly, we will also learn the importance of a homogenizer, the equipment employed to reduce the size of a fat particle.After milk is pasteurized, standardized, cleaned and homogenized, it is to be filled in some container. We will learn the working of filling machines. At the end all  these machines require cleaning. It is possible to clean them without opening or stoppage. Therefore, a method of clean –in- place will be discussed.